Observed arrival · 2026-10-18
Loob & Ledger asks what Filipino family gratitude can be owed
A ten-part editorial series explores utang na loob, family obligation, and the Filipino family, alongside a student research proposal.
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- Readers exploring Filipino family obligation and utang na loob
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- The associated proposal describes a 30-item, five-point survey of Filipino youth aged 18–25 and a planned Pearson r test.
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The homepage divides the ten essays into four parts, moving from definitions and cultural context to family duty, the proposed relationship, and limits on what the numbers can say. The accompanying study overview identifies a BS Psychology proposal at the University of Caloocan City, with a 30-item, five-point survey for Filipino youth aged 18–25 and a planned Pearson r analysis. The page presents this as proposed research, not completed findings.
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